Pathophysiology of Ascites in Liver Cirrhosis

In this problem, we are looking for the pathophysiologic change that most directly contributes to ascites in someone with liver cirrhosis.

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and it is a common complication of advanced liver cirrhosis. Let's look at the mechanisms involved.

First, let's talk about Portal Hypertension. As the liver develops scar tissue or cirrhosis, blood flow through the liver is obstructed.

This obstruction increases the hydrostatic pressure within the portal vein and its tributaries. This is known as portal hypertension.

This high pressure forces fluid out of the vessels and into the abdominal cavity. Now, let's look at the second major factor.