Energy Production from Glucose and Amino Acids in Muscular Cells
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Cells undergo continuous metabolic reactions which allow the survival of the body and production of the energy needed for our daily life. A grade 9 student was wondering about nutrient which is needed by the cell to produce energy. For this reason, he conducted the following experiments in 2 culture mediums shown in the figure (document-1), and the results are illustrated in the table (document-2).
1) Formulate the tested hypothesis in this experiment.
2) Transform the obtained results into a histogram.
2.1) Analyze the obtained results.
2.2) What do you conclude?
3) Name the cellular reaction that allowed the production of this energy and mention other products.
This question includes visual content: Document-1 shows two culture mediums, A and B. Medium A contains 'Solution with glucose' being added to four 'Fresh Muscular Cells'. Medium B contains 'Solution with amino acid' being added to four 'Fresh Muscular Cells'. Document-2 is a table showing energy produced in arbitrary units (a.u). For medium A: at 0 hrs = 1, at 2 hrs = 8. For medium B: at 0 hrs = 1, at 2 hrs = 1.5.
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Step by Step Written Solution
In this problem, we are looking at an experiment involving cellular metabolism. A student is testing which nutrient, glucose or amino acids, is used by muscle cells to produce energy.
Cellular Metabolism Experiment
Let's look at the first question: formulate the tested hypothesis. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation or prediction. Here, the student is investigating which nutrient produces energy.
Next, we need to transform the results into a histogram. We have two mediums, A and B, over two time points. Let's focus on the energy production at two hours for our graph.
Energy Production Histogram
Now we analyze these results. In science, an analysis describes the data trend. At time zero, energy in both mediums is one arbitrary unit. After two hours, the energy in medium A increased significantly to eight, while in medium B, it only slightly increased to one point five.
Analysis
- At t=0 hr, energy levels are equal at 1 a.u.
- After 2 hrs, energy in Medium A (glucose) increases to 8 a.u.
- After 2 hrs, energy in Medium B (amino acids) only reaches 1.5 a.u.
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